Berlin S-Bahn electrification begins

On July 7, 1928, the Berlin S-Bahn inaugurated electric operations on the northern suburban routes using third-rail powered ET 165 multiple units. This upgrade from steam locomotives improved frequency and cleanliness in the growing metropolis, part of the Weimar Republic's modernization drive. Engineers overcame challenges of integrating the system with existing elevated and underground infrastructure while maintaining service. The innovation allowed rapid suburban growth and set standards for European commuter rail. Figures like Siemens engineers played key roles. The network later became iconic during the Cold War division of the city and today serves millions daily.